Theoretical and experimental design of Pt-Co(OH)_2 electrocatalyst for efficient HER performance in alkaline solution

Design efficient electrocatalysts become significant for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline solution.Here,the HER performance on Pt-Co(OH)2 has been investigated by using DFT calculations.Compared with pure Pt,the Pt-Co(OH)2 shows excellent hydrogen binding energy (-0.29 eV) and hydrogen adsorption free energy (0.02 eV).More strikingly,the water dissociation process on Pt-Co(OH)2 is an exothermic reaction while that of Pt is an endothermic reaction,demonstrating that the Pt-Co(OH)_2 is an excellent catalyst for HER in alkaline medium.Then the two-step electrodepositions was used to fabricate Pt-Co(OH)2 on the carbon paper (CP).The Pt-Co(OH)_2/CP shows the lowest overpotential of only 37.6 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm~(-2) in 0.1M KOH,the smallest Tafel slope of58 mV dec~(-1) and the good stability for 20000s without obvious degradation.     

Effects of Strain Rate,Temperature and Grain Size on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolutions of Polycrystalline Nickel Nanowires: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Through molecular dynamics(MD)simulation,the dependencies of temperature,grain size and strain rate on the mechanical properties were studied.The simulation results demonstrated that the strain rate from 0.05 to 2 ns~(–1 )affected the Young’s modulus of nickel nanowires slightly,whereas the yield stress increased.The Young’s modulus decreased approximately linearly;however,the yield stress firstly increased and subsequently dropped as the temperature increased.The Young’s modulus and yield stress increased as the mean grain size increased from 2.66 to6.72 nm.Moreover,certain efforts have been made in the microstructure evolution with mechanical properties association under uniaxial tension.Certain phenomena such as the formation of twin structures,which were found in nanowires with larger grain size at higher strain rate and lower temperature,as well as the movement of grain boundaries and dislocation,were detected and discussed in detail.The results demonstrated that the plastic deformation was mainly accommodated by the motion of grain boundaries for smaller grain size.However,for larger grain size,the formations of stacking faults and twins were the main mechanisms of plastic deformation in the polycrystalline nickel nanowire.     

Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta identifies mesenchymal stem cells with enhanced engraftment to tissue injury and pro-angiogenic property

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are heterogeneous likely consisting of subpopulations with various therapeutic potentials. Here we attempted to acquire a subset of MSCs with enhanced effect in wound healing. We found that human placental MSCs expressing platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor (PDGFR)-β exhibited greater proliferation rates and generated more colony-forming unit-fibroblast (CFU-F), compared to PDGFR-β^? MSCs. Notably, PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs expressed higher levels of pro-angiogenic factors such as Ang1, Ang2, VEGF, bFGF and PDGF. When 10⁶ GFP-expressing MSCs were topically applied into excisional wounds in mice, PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs actively incorporated into the wound tissue, resulting in enhanced engraftment (3.92 ± 0.31 × 10⁵ remained in wound by 7 days) and accelerated wound closure; meanwhile, PDGFR-β^? MSCs tended to remain on the top of the wound bed with significantly fewer cells (2.46 ± 0.26 × 10⁵) engrafted into the wound, suggesting enhanced chemotactic migration and engraftment of PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs into the wound. Real-Time PCR and immunostain analyses revealed that the expression of PDGF-B was upregulated after wounding; transwell migration assay showed that PDGFR-β⁺ MSCs migrated eightfold more than PDGFR-β^? MSCs toward PDGF-BB. Intriguingly, PDGFR-β⁺ MSC-treated wounds showed significantly enhanced angiogenesis compared to PDGFR-β^? MSC- or vehicle-treated wounds. Thus, our results indicate that PDGFR-β identifies a subset of MSCs with enhanced chemotactic migration to wound injury and effect in promoting angiogenesis and wound healing, implying a greater therapeutic potential for certain diseases.     

基于图像RGB色彩特征的关联规则挖掘研究

对图像色块RGB值进行抽取和处理、建立常用颜色数据表和图像RGB颜色值的事务数据库D、最后应用关联规则进行挖掘.关键工作是建立"n张图像颜色值事务数据库D",它与使用传统的购物篮数据进行关联规则挖掘的事务数据表形式类似.因此,基于图像RGB色彩特征的非结构化数据挖掘问题就转化成了结构化数据的挖掘问题.     

三维打印器件后处理液研究

分析了不同的填充强化剂(后处理A液)、不同的后处理B液基料、后处理B液中水性环氧乳液的掺量及后处理液浸泡时间对石膏基打印器件耐水性、抗压强度、尺寸偏差、表面微观结构的影响.结果表明:经纳米硅超硬固化剂处理后的打印器件抗压强度大幅提高,纳米硅超硬固化剂最适宜作为后处理A液;水性聚氨酯乳液PU-202B最适宜作为后处理B液的基料;后处理B液中加入水性环氧乳液,处理后打印器件的抗压强度增加、吸水率降低,但水性环氧乳液含量增加到一定程度后会出现尺寸偏差;后处理A、B液最佳浸泡时间分别为130 s和35 s;先浸泡后处理A液、后浸泡后处理B液的打印器件具有抗压强度高、吸水率小、表面较光滑、不脱粉等优良性能.     

利用SRTM数据修测高山区地貌的探讨

在高海拔区域测制地形图,如青藏高原地区,所获取的遥感影像局部存在着大范围的高山阴影或云雪覆盖,造成立体观测地貌困难的现象,探讨应用SRTM数据对这类特殊区域地貌进行修测补绘。介绍了数据处理的作业过程,并对实验区SRTM与SPOT5影像立体测图成果进行实验对比分析,成果符合要求。     

带铰弹性开环多体臂架变位姿固有频率算法

针对多体泵车臂架作业中频繁位姿变换固有频率不易求解的问题,采用多体传递矩阵法建立四节臂架动力学模型,模型分为A和B 2个子系统,子系统A为第1节臂、支座油缸连接,子系统B为后3节臂、油缸连接。加入液压驱动油缸两端铰弹性的影响,进行整体模型封装分析4种常用位姿的固有频率,并在已有臂架实验台上进行实验验证。研究结果表明:采用多体传递矩阵法求解变位姿多体系统臂架固有频率避免了传统方法中重新设定计算的步骤,4种位姿加入铰弹性的固有频率均比理想铰降低且更接近实测值,为此类机械的变位姿频率计算和整车实时振动控制提供参考。     

集合转换卡尔曼滤波同化的一种分析方案

集合转换卡尔曼滤波在处理非线性观测资料的同化时,通常对非线性观测算子做简单的线性化处理,这会带来较大的舍入误差,降低同化效果。通过对状态变量和观测变量的转换,将观测算子视为预报算子的一部分,对传统的同化算法进行改进,减小了同化中的误差。以典型的Lorenz-96预报模型来验证算法,对于较大模型误差或较强非线性观测算子的情形,结果好于传统的方法。     

改进智能算法的认知无线Mesh网络优化频谱分配算法

随着网络资源日益紧张,认知无线Mesh网络中的频谱优化分配问题的研究主要集中在总带宽的最大化和占用频谱数的最小化。文中考虑到杂草算法的多样性以及容易实现和编码快捷等特点,提出一种基于改进入侵杂草优化算法(IWO)的频谱优化分配方法(IIOW)。通过对扩散条件中调和指数的优化,使得扩散更加均匀准确,大大加快收敛速度,同时优化了适应度函数的曲线。仿真结果表明:基于改进IWO的优化算法能在最大化总带宽与最小化信道占用数的情况下,获得较为理想的适应度函数曲线,同时加快收敛速度。     

水泥窑协同处置生活垃圾的燃烧特性分析优化

针对传统方法难以分析掺烧生活垃圾后的水泥窑复杂燃烧特性的问题,引入数据挖掘技术,以国内某水泥厂为对象,采集相关参数数据,使用稳定性选择算法分析各参数对煤耗与NO_x排量的影响系数,通过随机森林算法建立煤耗与NO_x排量的数学模型,结合K-means聚类算法得出关键优化参数及其最优值。结果表明,该方法能够建立精确的煤耗与NO_x排量模型,挖掘出节能减排的关键优化参数及其最优目标值。通过改善关键优化参数至最优值,能够大大降低煤耗与NO_x排量,可指导水泥厂优化窑内燃烧特性。